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Abstract
Impact of some ecological factors on the endoprotozoal infection in freshwater fishes in Kafr-El-Sheikh governorate Kafr El-Sheikh is one of the most important governorates in aquaculture in Egypt. The fish production of Kafr El-Sheikh is about 33.3 % of total aquaculture in Egypt.
The study was conducted at three locations as follows:
1- Farm 1 at village Damro. Farm 2 at village Tolompate 7.
2- Borullus Lake at north of Kafr El-Sheikh governorate.
This study was conducted in at Farm 1 and Farm 2 which were divided into earthen ponds supplied with organic and chemical fertilizers with water source (Agriculture drainage water). This study investigated the impact of endo-protozoa parasites infection and physico-chemical parameters of water and pollution of water (nitrogenous compound, bacteriological and heavy metals) as well as the heavy metals residues in fishes on health status of cultured and wild fishes (Orechromis niloticus and Clarias gariepinus).
A total number of fishes 1095, (710) O.niloticus and (385) Clarias garipinus were examined for the presence of endo-protozoa parasites namely (Eimeria spp, Cryptosporidia, Babesia, Dactylsoma,, Myxobolus, Myxidium, Entamoeba and Trypansoma).The infection rate was observed in C. gariepinus (87.7 % 68.3 %, 67.6 %, and 53.7%) were higher than infection rate observed in O. niloticus (73 %, 64.5%, 64 % and 35 %) in summer, autumn, spring and winter respectively regardless the site of collection of fishes. Farm1 located at village Damro had the highest infection rate (93 and 93.3%) in Orechromis niloticus and Clarias gariepinus respectively in spring season while the highest recorded infection rate in farm2 located at Tolompate 7were (80 and 88%) in Orechromis niloticus and Clarias gariepinus respectively in summer season while the highest recorded infection rate Borullus Lake were in 44 % Orechromis niloticus in autumn season and 70 % Clarias garipienus in summer season.
Among endo-protozoa infected freshwater fishes in winter season Entamoeba, Myxobolus and Eimeria spp recorded the highest isolation values (64.9, 24.6 and 21.1%) in O.niloticus while Entamoeba and Cryptosporidia spp recorded the highest isolation values (45.1 and 29.4 %) in C. gariepinus.
Keywords :
Orechromis niloticus and Clarias gariepinus - Entamoeba,- Myxobolus - Cryptosporidia spp, Myxosoma cerebralis.