الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract Actions for road safety What governments can do a) Institutional development • Make road safety a political priority. • Appoint a lead agency for road safety, give it adequate resources, and make it publicly accountable. • Develop a multidisciplinary approach to road safety. • Set appropriate road safety targets and establish national road safety plans to achieve them. • Support the creation of safety advocacy groups. • Create budgets for road safety and increase investment in demonstrably effective road safety activities. b) Policy, legislation and enforcement • Enact and enforce legislation requiring the use of seat-belts and child restraints, and the wearing of motorcycle helmets and bicycle helmets. • Enact and enforce legislation to prevent alcohol-impaired driving. • Set and enforce appropriate speed limits. • Set and enforce strong and uniform vehicle safety standards. • Ensure that road safety considerations are embedded in environmental and other assessments for new projects and in the evaluation of transport policies and plans. • Establish data collection systems designed to collect and analyse data and use the data to improve safety. • Set appropriate design standards for roads that promote safety for all. • Manage infrastructure to promote safety for all. • Provide efficient, safe and affordable public transport services. • Encourage walking and the use of bicycles. What public health can do • Include road safety in health promotion and disease prevention activities. • Set goals for the elimination of unacceptable health losses arising from road traffic crashes. • Systematically collect health-related data on the magnitude, characteristics and consequences of road traffic crashes. • Support research on risk factors and on the development, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of effective interventions, including improved care. • Promote capacity building in all areas of road safety and the management of survivors of road traffic crashes. • Translate effective science-based information into policies and practices that protect vehicle occupants and vulnerable road users. • Strengthen pre-hospital and hospital care as well as rehabilitation services for all trauma victims. • Develop trauma care skills of medical personnel at the primary, district and tertiary health care levels. • Promote the further integration of health and safety concerns into transport policies and develop methods to facilitate this, such as integrated assessments. • Campaign for greater attention to road safety, based on the known health impact and costs. What vehicle manufacturers can do • Ensure that all motor vehicles meet safety standards set for high-income countries – regardless of where the vehicles are made, sold or used – including the provision of seat-belts and other basic safety equipment. • Begin manufacturing vehicles with safer vehicle fronts, so as to reduce injury to vulnerable road users. • Continue to improve vehicle safety by ongoing research and development. • Advertise and market vehicles responsibly by emphasizing safety. What donors can do • Highlight the improvement of road safety outcomes as a global development priority. • Include road safety components in grants for health, transport, environmental and educational programmes. • Promote the design of safe infrastructure. • Support research, programmes and policies on road safety in low-income and middle-income countries. • Make funding for transport infrastructure projects conditional on the completion of a safety audit and any follow-up required. • Set up mechanisms to fund the sharing of knowledge and the promotion of road safety in developing countries. • Facilitate safety management capacity building at regional and national levels. What communities, civil society groups and individuals can do • Encourage governments to make the roads safe. • Identify local safety problems. • Help plan safe and efficient transport systems that accommodate drivers as well as vulnerable road users, such as bicyclists and pedestrians. • Demand the provision of safety features, such as seat-belts, in cars. • Encourage enforcement of traffic safety laws and regulations, and campaign for firm and swift punishment for traffic offenders. • Behave responsibly by: — Abiding by the speed limit on roads; — Never driving when over the legal alcohol limit; — Always wearing a seat-belt and properly restraining children, even on short trips; — Wearing a crash helmet when riding a two-wheeler |