الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract Acrylamide (C₃H₅NO) is a white odourless chemical substance which is used worldwide to synthesize polyacrylamide which is used in many applications such as a soil conditioner, in wastewater treatment, in cosmetic, paper and textile industries. Acrylamide is also formed naturally during cooking through a series of reactions known as Maillard reactions. These reactions represent a form of non- enzymatic browning which result from a chemical reaction between an amino acid, primarily asparagine and a reducing sugar as glucose or fructose in the presence of high temperature. Human exposure to acrylamide comes from dermal contact with solid monomer and inhalation of dust and vapor in the occupational setting. In April 2002, researchers from the Swedish National Food Administration first reported the finding of detectable levels of acrylamide in commonlyconsumed baked and fried foods. For adults, average intake of acrylamide-containing food ranges from 0.3-0.5 μg/kg body weight per day. Children and adolescents tend to consume more acrylamide on per body weight basis. Acrylamide causes skin irritation and is neurotoxic to the nervous system. Recently, acrylamide is classified as a ”probable human carcinogen” as it induces tumors in experimental animals such as scrotal mesothelioma and mammary gland tumors. Currently, the uses of alternative medicine have been rapidly increasing worldwide. Herbal medicines are less damaging than synthetic drugs and have better compatibility, thus, improving the patient tolerance even on long term use. Ginger has been commonly used as a food additive and spice. Ginger is also used as a phytomedecine since ancient times. In addition, ginger has been widely studied for its pharmacological activities and has been reported to exhibit antiinflammatory, anti-pyretic, anti-migraine, hypoglycemic and diuretic actions. It is also known as a natural antioxidant. Ginger reduces nusea and vomiting in postoperative patients and hyperemesis gravidarumin first trimester of pregnancy. Also, Ginger has a protective role against acrylamide neurotoxicity in rats and also against the harmful effect on the intestine. So the aim of the present work was to detect the effect of acrylamide on the small intestine of albino rats, as well as, the role that ginger can play in reducing this effect. |