الفهرس 
Chapter 1: IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
After October 1992 earthquake in Egypt, the need to introduce a new system of repairing and strengthening to many of unreinforced masonry structures became urgent due to the observation of damage of this type of structures. The aim of this program is to investigate using ferrocement laminates for strengthening and repairing of solid unreinforced masonry panels in flexural.
The main objective of this research is to study the behavior of strengthened unreinforced masonry (URM) walls subjected to out-of-plane (flexural) load. The efficiency of using ferrocement laminates as a strengthening material was studied. Two different types of welded and expanded meshes with three different types of brick (clay, concrete and light weight) and two mortar types (ordinary and fibrous mortar) were considered as the main test parameters. The experimental program included the building and testing of nineteen wall panels were 100*50*16 cm. Initial cracking load, ultimate load, load-deformation relationships, mode of failure, stiffness, ductility index and toughness of the different wall panels have been compared . It was conclude that initial cracking load, ultimate load improved due to the application of two ferrocement layers over the lower and upper faces and when fibrous mortar and welded meshes were used. Ductility index, stiffness were increased due to the use of fibrous mortar and expanded compared to ordinary mortar and welded meshes, respectively. Toughness, Max. deflection were increased due to the when fibrous mortar was used in comparison with ordinary mortar and when welded meshes were used compared to expanded meshes. The mechanical properties in terms of the above terms (initial and ultimate loads, ductility, stiffness and toughness) were improved due to the use of different types of bricks according to the following order: concrete, clay and finally light weight sand bricks.