الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract Soybean ( Glycin max L.) has been cultivated in Japan, India and China since ancient times. ties are grown in these countries as in China and Japan. It is grown in Hundreds of variea food crop, especially the Middle West and South for feed, forage and green manure crops, but its important use is as a seed for oil and by-products. In Egypt, the soybean is grown for oil and feed and as a soil-improving crop particularly in the soil under reclamation. The soybean was introduced since 50 years, but it was cultivated in narrow scale. Now it is going to become of much importance. For instance, the total cultivated area was 624 feddans in 1966 which produced 359 tons of seeds. The area was increased in 1977 to 33138 feddan to produce 26496 of seeds. Since the government has been adopted the green revolution in Egypt, the soybean has been taken into consideration where the cultivated area by soybean was increased to reach more than 150,000 feddan in 1987. In Egypt, several efforts had been devoted to improve soybean plantation. As a matter tof fact, the production of soybean seeds or seeds protein and oil is still far fellow the market demands. Hereafter, the committee of world soybean Res. con f. III ( 1 2 - 17 August, 1984, Iowa- 2 - State Univ., Ames, Iowa, U.S.A.) announced that Egyptian scientist achieved the highest soybean yield for unit area comparing with the other countries at all the world. Thus, the improvement of the cultivation and the production of soybean is still the target of several workers. Therefore, further achievement in this respect is of great importance. It is well known that soybean plantation and production are affected by so many integrated factors such as soil types, mineral nutrition, farm management, irrigation, enviromental and micro climatic conditions. The previous work which had been carried by the author in 1981 was to study the response of soybean plants to soil moisture stress and some chelated compounds under calcareous soil conditions. In continuation to the prevailing object it. seems that nutritional aspect is of major interest. In this respect, application of P and Zn, their interaction, the factors affecting their availability to uptake by plants, in relation to some microelements uptake, chemical and physiological processes, yield and quality of soybean were enormously questioned. from a nutritional point of view, phosphate ions are involved in major chemical reactions in soil and in numerous- 3 - metabolic reactions in plants. Consequently, P influences on, or is influenced by, the availability or utilization of many other elements, both essential and nonessential. Interactions between P and Zn in soil are the manifestations of specific chemical reactions, few of which have been quantitavely defined. Qualitatively, however, these reactions have found useful expressions in terms of nutrient availability and efficiency of fertilizers. Efficiency of P fertilizers has long been associated with chemical reactions involving phosphate and certain cations, especially Ca, Al, Fe and Zn. Phosphorus plays a key role in many metabolic pathways within the plant. These various metabolic reactions are dependent on other ions either as activators of enzyme systems or as vehicles for electron transfers. The interaction of phosphorus with such ions within the plant is of importance under two separate conditions : (i) when adequate or excess levels of P affected the utilization of other ions by the plant and (ii) When adequate or excess levels of other inorganic nutrients affect the utilization of phosphorus. The present work was conducted to investigate the interacted effects of phosphorus and zinc on some micrO elenents uptake, some physiological processes, yield and quality o f soybean seeds. In addition, the mutual effects of P and Zn on their absorption, translocation and utilization by soybean plants were also studied by using the radioactive isotope of them ”P32 & zn” as a tracer technique. |