الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the the ameliorating effect of probiotic (Saccharomyces cervisiae) to the adverse effect of monensin on performance of broilers, some serum biochemical constituents, haematological parameters, immunological status, effect on cell gene as well as histopathological alterations in chicken and to study its effect when adminesterd with probiotic (Saccharomyces cervisiae) in broilers.The broiler chicks were divided into 4 groups (each group 13 chick). The first group was fed only on basal diet as negative control. While the 2nd group fed on the basal ration mixed with monensin only at 100 mg/kg. The 3rd group was fed on the basal diet containing S.cervisiae 1gm/ kg ration While the 4th group was fed on the basal diet containing monensin and S.cervisiae (monensin 100 mg/kg + S.cervisiae 1gm/ kg) respectively. The experiment lasted for 6 weeks. At the end of each week, 5 tagged chicks were weighted and body weight, body gain, feed intake as well as, FCR were recorded. At, 45 days, blood and tissue samples were collected from all groups of chickens.
The results revealed that monensin at recommended dose had a worse effect on body weight, weight gain and feed conversion efficiency when compared with S.cervisiae (III) and when given with monensin (group IV), the body performance improved significantly.
Monensin at recommended dose induced decrease in (TLC count). Concurrent use of monensin with S.cervisiae leads to improvement of these parameters. Regarding to the biochemical parameters, monensin (group II) induced significant increase in enzymes activities (ALT, AST and ALP) when compared with S.cervisiae 6 % (group III and IV).The uses of S. cervisiae with monensin (group IV) induce amelioration effect of altered parameters. Also, monensin (group II) affects the immune system of birds by induction of slight immunosuppressive effect which is represented by decreased HI antibody when compared with control group and S.cervisiae (group III and IV). However, concurrent feeding of monensin with S.cervisiae (group IV) reduces this inhibitory effect.On the electrophoretic pattern, monensin showed decreased values of total protein associated with decreased serum albumin and decreased of A/ G ratio when compared with S. cervisiae (group III and IV). However, concurrent mixing of monensin with S. cervisiae in ration induced an elevation of serum total protein, serum albumin and A/G ratio compared to monensin group.
Regarding to the effect of monensin and/ or S. cervisiae on cell genes using comet assay and DNA fragmentation test there is no extent effect on DNA damage.
The histopathological studies revealed that monensin at recommended dose in ration of chickens induced various pathological changes in liver, heart, kidney, skeletal muscle, spleen, pancrease, intestine and bursa, ranged from degeneration to necrosis of these tissues. While, concurrent feeding of monensin with S. cervisiae in ration of chickens induced more or less normal histological picture.