الفهرس 
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Abstract
Health Belief Model looks at seven elements in order to evaluate postpartum contraception: perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, other variables or modifying factors, cues to action, and self-efficacy. (Rosenstock, Strecher & Becker, 1988). Health Belief Model has been used extensively to assess health-related beliefs regarding protective behaviors. It is a cognitive model attempting to identify patterns of health behaviors (Champion, 1984). According to this model, acting on a health belief if influenced by six general concepts of perceived susceptibility or the risk of developing a disease, perceived threats or severity of a disease, perceived benefits resulting from a health behavior, perceived barriers hindering a health behavior, the individual’s overall motivation for health, and finally the individual’s self-confidence in adapting a health behavior (Rosenstock, 1966). The current study was conducted to examine the effect of application of Health Belief Model on changing mothers’ believes regarding birth spacing at rural area. The quasi experimental pre-post-test design was used in carrying out the study. The data collection phase was completed between the first of July 2014 to the end of November 2014. The study used simple random sample of 150 postpartum women who attended Maternal Child Health centers at El Hmoul and Shobra Blola villages, Menoufia Governorate. Such centers were selected according to the following criteria: 1. Women aged 20 years to 45 years. 2. Birth spacing between children is less than 2 years at previous pregnancies.
Data collection instruments: A structured interviewing questionnaire that contains the following parts: 1. Part I: Socio demographic data which include data as mother’s name, age, level of education, occupation, etc…. 2. Part II: Knowledge about birth spacing as definition, risk factors, signs and symptoms, complication etc…. 3. Part III: Practices of mothers regarding birth spacing. Health Belief Model constructs: Health Belief Model variables of perceived susceptibility, seriousness, benefits, barriers, health motivation and cues to action. The main findings of the current study revealed the following: The main finding of this study illustrated that the mean age of the study sample was 26.03+3.79 years. More than half of them had secondary education. The highest percentage of them were house-wives. There was a highly significant improvement in the study sample’s regarding the current practices about family planning before intervention and at follow-up. There was a statistical difference before intervention and at follow-up regarding the study sample’s source of information about family planning, while the study sample’s information of the current use of contraceptives , checking IUD for assurance of its persistence in its place, family planning discussion with husband and husband’s agreement about family planning. There was no statistically significant difference between the study sample’s regarding the perception of susceptibility of using contraceptives before, immediately after intervention and at follow-up . There was a statistical difference between the study sample’s regarding the perception of seriousness of not using contraceptives before, immediately after and at follow-up, regarding the study sample’s pregnancy is natural events and use of contraceptive has drawback on menstrual period. There was a statistically significant difference between the study sample’s regarding the perception of benefits of using contraceptives before, immediately after intervention and at follow-up, regarding contraceptive regulates menses, is comfortable to husbands, benefits overweight side effects and improves maternal health. There was a statistically significant difference between the study sample’s regarding the perception of barriers of using contraceptives before, immediately after intervention and at follow-up, regarding contraceptive increase liability of cancer and their husbands didn’t accept that their wives use contraceptives. There was a statistically significant difference between the study sample’s regarding the perception of self efficacy of using contraceptives before, immediately after intervention and at follow-up, regarding that their husbands had the decision of using contraceptives. This study was conducted to examine the effect of the application of Health Belief Model on changing mothers’ believes regarding birth spacing at rural areas. In the light of the current study findings, it can be concluded that: The application of HBM constructs regarding birth spacing showed a significant impact on increasing the studied sample’s level of knowledge, acquiring the ultimate promotion of positive attitude and noticeable improvement in the participants’ proficiency of contraceptives practice. It can be used easily to evaluate and try to change the health beliefs about birth spacing. Health Belief Model is a significant predictor and instrument that can be used to teach women about birth spacing. Based on the findings of the study, the following important recommendations are proposed: 1. Encouraging primary care nurse practitioners to use the Health Belief Model to enhance client care, and the adoption of healthy behavior. 2. Distributing copies of the developed educational intervention material in different MCH centers at Menoufia governorate. 3. Improvement of family planning program guided by the application of HBM.