الفهرس 
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Abstract
Nuclear medicine is a main medical diagnostic discipline for imaging functional processes in the human body that provides noninvasive imaging tools to detect a variety of human diseases. The two major components of this imaging procedure are radiopharmaceutical and an imaging system. The imaging system (Dual-headed Gamma Camera) is a position-sensitive detector that relies on detecting gamma photons emitted from the administered radionuclide. A radiopharmaceutical is a radioactive compound that has two components, a radionuclide and a pharmaceutical; it is used for the diagnosis and treatment of human disease. Radionuclide renal imaging studied by gamma camera were performed for 100 cases (80 patient suffering from different disorders and 20 donors for renal transplantation). 99mTc-Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid Radiopharmaceutical (99mTc-DTPA) has been used in this study. The effect of the site of background region of interest on renogram results (GFR, contribution and T1/2) has been studied. The measurements have been taken at different background sites & different background technique and renogram analysis has been done. As a result of this study; there were statistical significant differences which have been found between the values of Glomular Filtration Rate (GFR), contribution (split function or differential GFR) and T1/2 (the half emptying time) at different background sites & different background technique. It is found that There is a significant difference between different background techniques in assessment of physical parameters. The obtained values of physical parameters relative to the normal cases (donors for renal transplantation) were better for manual technique than the automatic technique. There is a significant difference between different background sites in assessment of physical parameters.