الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Pesticide residues play an important role in food quality for evaluating food safety and possible risks to human health. On the other hand, Long term exposure to modern synthetic insecticides has been associated to low or high extents with cancer, liver damage, immunotoxicity, birth defects and reproductive problems in humans and other animals.In addition, the massive application of pesticides results in adverse effect on the beneficial organisms. As a result, the chemical control of pests is under increasing pressure. This has necessitated the use of target specific compounds with low persistence, and an increase in emphasis on integrated pest management. The present study aims to:
- Determination the pesticide residues of azadirachtin and emamectin benzoate insecticides in cabbage leaves.
- Effects of azadirachtin and emamectin benzoate insecticides on experimental rats by three different doses which include, liver functions, kidney functions, blood hematological parameters and histopathological examination of liver and kidney tissues were studied.-Determination the chemical composition and minerals content of cabbage leaves.
1- Chemical composition and minerals content of cabbage leaves:
- The obtained results indicated that cabbage leaves contained 91.20% moisture, total phenols 12.63 %, carbohydrates 4.88 %, crude proteins 1.77 %, crude fibers 1.45 %, ash 0.60 % and crude fat 0.10 %.- The obtained results indicated that cabbage leaves content of minerals was found as follows:Macro-elements were Na 88.92, Ca 23.45. K 11.95, Mg 7.92 and P 2.54 mg/100 g, while, Micro- elements were Mn 1.85, Cu 0.67, Fe 0.59, Co 0.34 and Cd 0.28 mg/kg as fresh weight.2- Pesticide residues of cabbage leaves:
In this study azadirachtin and emamectin benzoate are used in cabbage field crops in winter 2013 season under the normal field conditions at Moshtohor, Benha district, Qaluobea governorate. The field (175 m2) divided into three equal parts, first part was leaft without any treatment and consider as a control. The second part was sprayed by 0.15% azadirachtin at the rate of 400 ml for feddan and classified into three parts by three doses concentrations (low dose 200 ml for feddan, medium dose 400 ml for feddan and high dose 800 ml for feddan). The third part was done by spraying the emamectin benzoate 5% at the rate of 60 g for feddan and classified into three parts with three different doses concentrations (low dose 30 g for feddan, medium dose 60 g for feddan and high dose 120 g for feddan). Samples were taken for pesticide analysis at 3 and 7 days, after application. Pesticide applied to cabbage leaves after 60 days of cultivation beginning.The pesticide residues of azadirachtin of three doses concentrations applied (low, medium and high) after 3 and 7 days applied were found to be 0.034 and 0.021, 0.939 and 0.294 and 1.950 and 0.940 mg/kg respectively. While these results of emamectin benzoate at the same concentration were 0.018 and 0.017, 0.020 and 0.019 and 0.049 and 0.021 mg/kg, respectively.
from the obtained results, it could be noticed the residues of azadirachtin were significantly increased compared emamectin benzoate after 3 and 7 days applicated of cabbage leaves. But the recovery studies, data of emamectine benzoate and azadirachtin from spiked samples are detailed. As seen, the recoveries were in the range between 88.23 and 88.43, 87.13 and 87.60%, respectively.