الفهرس 
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Abstract
Aim: To investigate the prevalence and possible etiological risk factors associated with molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) among a group of school children in Mansoura City. Methodology: The study population comprised of 1105, 7-8-year-old children, from 10 primary schools in Mansoura City, Egypt. Subjects were asked to complete a coded medical history questionnaire. Demographic information, children’s medical history, and pregnancy-related data were obtained. Hypo-mineralized molars and incisors were diagnosed based on the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry criteria. Children were considered to have MIH if at least one first permanent molars (FPMs) are affected according to the diagnostic criteria with or without involvement of incisors. Statistical analyses were performed using Chi-square and independent sample t-tests. Results: One hundred (9%) children showed MIH. The overall mean number of affected teeth was 3.2±1.6. Demarcated opacities were the most frequent (82.5%) enamel defect. Mother’s and child’s medical problems during prenatal, perinatal and post-natal period were significantly remarkable in MIH children. The condition was more prevalent in children with history of respiratory diseases, chicken pox, otitis media, tonsillitis and fever during the first four years of life. Conclusion: The prevalence of MIH in a group of Egyptian children was 9%. Prenatal, perinatal and post-natal medical conditions were more prevalent in children affected by MIH.