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Abstract Evidence-based parent training typically begins with 7 to 12 weekly group sessions with a trained therapist or certified instructor. The focus is on parent education about ADHD, the child’s/adolescent’s behavior problems, and difficulties in family relationships. A typical program aims to improve the parents’/caregivers’ understanding of the child’s/adolescent’s behavior and to teach them skills to help the child/adolescent to reduce the behavioral difficulties posed by ADHD.( 123) Programs offer specific techniques for reinforcing adaptive and positive behaviors and decreasing or eliminating inappropriate behaviors, both of which alter the motivation of the child/adolescent to control attention, activity, and impulsivity. (123) These programs emphasize establishing positive interactions between parents and children; learning how to shape children’s behaviors through combinations of praising and ignoring; how to give successful commands; how to reinforce positive behaviors; how to extinguish inappropriate behaviors through ignoring; how to identify which behaviors are handled most appropriately through punishment; and determining how to carry punishments out in a responsibleway |