الفهرس 
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Abstract
In the current study , we interested in identification and molecular characterization of different avian respiratory pathogens example AI(H5,H9),IBV and MG affecting broiler flocks at Sharkia Governorate ,Egypt as a rapid and useful tool in prevention and control of these pathogens and evaluation of current status .
Samples collected from fifty- three flocks from different breeds , ages, seasons, location s during (2013-2017) . Two hundered and twenty –five samples representing these flocks suffered from respiratory manifestation with mortality %ranged from (0-25%) .The recoded lesions after necropsy were septicemia ( congestion in skin with engorged blood vessels , congestion in trachea , larynx , severe congestion in the lung, liver and all internal organs ) with fibrinous pericarditis , fibrinous preihepatitis and fibrinous air sacculitis with caseated material at tracheal bifurcation .
Samples from respiratory organs (Lung, Trachea) and tracheal / air sac swab. Samples were divided into two sets , the first one used for propagation on ECE for viral isolation and second one were used for detection of MG by direct PCR .
The isolation results for viral pathogens on ECE revealed that 42 out of 53 were positive with rapid HA and 11 were negative . Embryo lesions varied from congestion with several grades(42/53) , 1/53 stunted and 10/53 without changes ( normal embryo) .
Haemagglutination inhibition test was done by using reference antisera for ( ND,AI H5, H9). Results revealed that 14 out of 42 were.