الفهرس 
chapter one : Literature ReviewOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The purpose of radiotherapy IS to precisely, and efficiently
deliver radiation to treat several types of turnor malignant and
nonmalignant abnormalities. Recently, a number of radiation incidents
in various countries have been reported. The aim of in vivo dosimetry
(ND) is to identify significant errors not defined by other levels of the
quality system to measure each patient usually only once within the
first few days of treatment, so that any problems identified can be
investigated and rectified early in the treatment course. The performing
of IVD for modulat radiotherapy such as Intensity Modulated
Radiotherapy (IMRT) and Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy
(VMAT) is not well established and the studies and trails available are
not sufficient to give us a clear view of the verified IVD methods in
modulated radiotherapy. In this study, using small dosimeter is a
Thermoluminescent material as LiF. In addition, Semiconductor
diodes are suitable of measuring deep-seated turnors.
The objective of this study was to give validation of using diodes and
TLDs for in vivo dosimetry in advanced radiotherapy techniques early
detection the uncertainties and significant errors of the dose delivery.
establish a routine protocol to measure each patient within the first few
days of treatment.
Materials and Methods
Thirty nine patients (23 female and 16 male) with different clinical
sites were selected for this study and measured them for five months
in Children’s Cancer Hospital 57357 and used pediatric anthropomorphic
A lO-years-old phantom to measure dose in IMRT and VMAT by
using Therrnoluminescent dosimeters
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