الفهرس 
المقدمةيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
Political conditions, commercial activity, and social life In the ports of the Arabian Gulf and the southern Red Sea In the ninth century AH - fifteenth century AD -The Arab-Portuguese Conflict ’’ This Research aims at having an insight into the following: FIRST: Political, economic and social circumstances of the Arabian governments and directorates that were existing at the Arabian Gulf region and south/west of the Arabian Peninsula prior to the Portuguese invasion of these regions on 912 H/ 1507. This Research also covers the period of the Portuguese invasion and their final departure from the Arabian regions in the year 1058 H/ 1648. SECOND: This Research also deals with the Mamluk State that was representing the heart of the Islamic world and its position from the Portuguese invasion to the Arabian regions. The Research discusses the reaction of the Mamluk State towards the Portuguese decision to destroy the Egyptian naval fleet and isolate Egypt from international trade. THIRD: The Research also investigates the reasons behind the Portuguese invasion to the Arabian Gulf region, south of the Arabian Peninsula, Red Sea, India and the African coastal lines. FOURTH: Additionally, the Research attached importance to obtaining genuine documents and historic reliable sources that confirm invalidity of the Portuguese allegations claiming that their presence in the Arabian region, India and the African coastal lines was for spices trade. In fact, their presence was an extension of the crusade war, resist the growing Islamic states, topple the Mamluk State, exercise control over the Islamic and christian holy shrines. They also intended to tighten their grip on the international trade route passing across the Gulf region and the Red Sea. They planned to divert this route and enforced the Cape of Good Hope leading directly to Lisbon as a new route. The ultimate objective was to introduce Lisbon as a center for international trade thereby connecting the eastern countries with the European ones. FIFTH: This Research investigates the reasons that led to the departure of the Portuguese from the Arabian soil and the consequences reflecting on the Arabian states and governments after departure of the Portuguese.