الفهرس 
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Abstract
Newcastle disease is one of the most serious diseases facing the poultry industry in
Egypt. It is a viral disease caused by infection with the Newcastle virus that infects
different types of birds, although there are different vaccines for this virus, but it is
still an obstacle in poultry farming. Therefore, this study was designed to know the
epidemiological situation of the Newcastle virus in different species of birds,
whether they were vaccinated or not, such as chickens, ducks, pigeons, turkeys,
quails and ostriches during the years 2019 and 2020 from different governorates of
Egypt. Samples were collected from birds suspected of being infected with
Newcastle disease, which was suffering from respiratory symptoms, green diarrhea,
or neurological symptoms. As for the pigeon species, samples were collected from
birds that suffered from nervous symptoms accompanied by green diarrhea, and the
duck strain collected samples from birds suffering from nervous symptoms, diarrhea
and respiratory symptoms, as well as the rest of the strains that were collected and
the organs were grouped according to the postmortem examination and the organs
that It had postmortem examination that suspected the presence of Newcastle
disease, and the organs in general were (trachea - proventriculus – cecal tonsils -
lungs - brain).