الفهرس 
Aim of The workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Varicose veins are quite common, it may present with symptoms ranging from cosmetic concern to serious lifestyle disturbance. Generally, venous reflux at the great saphenous vein (GSV) and/or saphenofemoral junction (SFJ) is the commonest cause, leading to varicose veins and associated symptoms such as leg pain, itching, fatigue, night cramps and burning sensation .In severe cases, swelling, skin changes and venous ulceration may develop.
Junctional saphenous ligation was the mainstay of treatment in the last century but it is limited by its invasiveness, prolonged recovery and high failure rates Furthermore, Wood et al. reported the rate of cutaneous nerve injury as 27% after ligation and stripping.
Less invasive endovenous therapies have emerged more recently and have superior clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction when compared to surgery .One of these methods is radiofrequency ablation (RFA) with the assessment of colour Doppler sonography (CDS). RFA is an alternative technique to liagation&Strippimg (L/S), working by ablating the vein using thermal energy delivered through an RF catheter which is inserted into the target vein under CDS guidence.
RF energy is commonly used to generate thermal energy. Heat destroys the endothelium and mural collagens, inducing coagulation and thrombus formation. Subsequent fibrosis and formation of a new collagen matrix further constricts the lumen to occlude the vein.
The common principle procedural technique will be described later. Effective delivery of tumescent anaesthetic solution around the catheter within the saphenous fascia compresses the vein and apposes the venous endothelium to the catheter. In addition to its anaesthetic effects, the solution acts as a heat-sink to protect adjacent structures from thermal injury.
It has been recognised that RFA reduces postoperative recovery time, postoperative pain, wound-related complications, and enables earlier return to normal activities.