الفهرس 
Study of the potential effects of the algae Spirulina and the fungus Cordyceps sinensis against cyclosporine A and/or gamma radiation- induced nephrotoxicity in rats
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Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the possible protective role of the algae spirulina or the fungus cordyceps sinensis against nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress which are the main secondary effects induced by the immunosuppressant drug CSA and/or ionizing radiation. In this study, male rats were given Sp (1g/kg) or cordyceps sinensis (2g/kg) either for 15 days before irradiation (6.5Gy) or 5 days before and 10 days concomitant with CSA (25mg/kg). Markers used to assess renal injury included serum creatinine, urea, glucose, albumin, protein, lipid profile LDH as well as kidney content of reduced glutathione (GSH); lipid peroxidation; nitrite and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. In addition, some trace elements (Fe, Cu, Zn Ca, Mn and Mg) were estimated in kidney. Apoptosis was assessed by immunohistochemical estimation of caspase-3 expression in addition to histopathological examination. Results revealed that gamma radiation and/or CSA induced elevation in urea, creatinine, lipids, glucose while decreased albumin and protein levels. There was a noticeable increase in kidney content of GSH, lipid peroxidation and nitrite. Meanwhile, profound decrease in kidney SOD activity was observed