الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract All consecutive patients that were admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) and required mechanical ventilation were enrolled in the study. Bed side ultrasound was used to measure muscle layer thickness (MLT) and cardiac output (CO). MLT was measured within 24 of ICU admission. Two measurements of MLT were made at two sites; mid-upper arm and thigh anteriorly using linear array transducer. MLT was determined and summed up. Stroke volume was obtained by placing pulsed wave Doppler in the middle of left ventricular outflow tract using phased array transducer. CO was calculated by multiplying SV and heart rate. REE was calculated using indirect calorimetry via metabolic module on General Electric ventilator (Engstrom Carestation and Carescape R860, GE Health care, USA). A multiple regression analysis was applied to a set of independent variables to develop the predictive equation of REE |