الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract Family Verbenaceae, generally known as verbena or vervain, is a family of tropical and subtropical flowering plants with uncommon temperate species. The family reportedly contains approximately 41 genera and 950 species of trees, lianas, shrubs and herbs. Gmelina arborea Roxb leaves and other parts of plants were collected of El- Orman garden in Giza-Egypt, to carry out phytochemical investigation of leaves, flowers, fruits barks and seeds. Fresh samples and dried powder of the leaves and flowers were studied by morphology, microscopy, macroscopy and DNA fingerprinting to aid their authentication and identification in any future study. Preliminary phytochemical screening showed promising results with leaves, flowers, fruits, barks and seeds. The HPLC analysis of the total ethanolic extract of five extracts showed that leaves of Gmelina arborea Roxb were most abundant in phenolic and flavonoids content among five organs of the plant and chemometric study was done to display the similarity between the five organs of the plant. LC-MS/MS of the five total ethanolic extracts led to identification of 27compounds. As results leaves of Gmelina arborea Roxb were considered the most active and subjected to further phytochemical investigation. This included investigation of lipoid content using GC-MS, LC-MS/MS of leaves extract and volatiles of different organs (fruits and flowers) which showed that ethyl acetate was the most active fraction thus, isolation and identification of compounds were done on ethyl acetate fractions which lead to isolation of luteolin and Rutin and identification of luteolin hexoside. Evaluation of anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic and antiAlzheimer’s activities were done on the five organs of plants to evaluate the most active organ in treating these diseases. This is the first report of Gmelina arborea Roxb as Anti-alzheimer’s agent and the first comparative study for all organs of Gmelina arborea Roxb. Comparative In-vitro evaluation of zinc oxide nanoparticles of total ethanolic extract of Gmelina arborea Roxb leaves in different biological assays was also performed. Results revealed that the zinc oxide nanoparticles of leaves were more effective as anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-Alzheimer’s than ethanolic leaves extracts. |