الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of grape seed extract on remineralization of enamel compared to the effect of sodium fluoride. Methodology: A total of 30 intact bovine incisor crowns were separated from their roots and immersed in a demineralizing solution for 96 hours at 37°C to create artificial enamel lesions. The demineralized specimens were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10); Negative control (deionized water), intervention (6.5% grape seed extract), and positive control (1000 ppm sodium fluoride solutions). The demineralized specimens were subjected to six daily pH cycles for eight days. Microhardness test was carried out at baseline stage, after artificial caries formation stage, and after pH cycling stage. Raman spectroscopy was used to evaluate the depth of enamel remineralization. Surface morphology and elemental analysis were assessed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an energy dispersed X-ray (EDX) spectroscope, respectively. The significance level was set at P ≤ 0.05. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0. Results: There was a significant increase in the mean values of enamel surface hardness after application of the treatment solutions in all groups. Results of the B-type carbonate/phosphate ratio at 10 and 40 µm depth revealed that there was no significant difference between grape seed extract and sodium fluoride groups, with higher value than deionized water group. The SEM micrograph revealed occlusion of the porosities and precipitation of particles on the enamel surface of the grape seed extract and sodium fluoride groups, while the deionized water group showed a rough appearance with considerable porosity. The EDX results for the Ca/P ratio of the deionized water, grape seed extract, and sodium fluoride groups were 1.39, 1.59, and 1.60, respectively. Conclusion: Grape seed extract can be considered a promising natural alternative for the noninvasive treatment of enamel carious lesions. |