الفهرس 
الفصل الاوليوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
Karate is considered one of the individual sports that has developed rapidly. This development has appeared in terms of legal, training and planning, as there have recently been many amendments to the International Law of Karate, which had the greatest impact on the modernization and development of methods, patterns, nature and methods of training for this sport.Issam Ahmed Helmy 2015 AD defines the ballistic training method as the system through which strength is developed using ballistic exercises, which include throwing the source of resistance in the exercise, regardless of the type of other movements or contractions included in the exercise, or under any type of pressure or not. And also about the length or shortness of the stillness period during the transition from the decentralized contraction movement to the central contraction movement if the exercise includes two movements, as well as the use or non-use of external weights in performing the exercise, and also regardless of the amount of this weight (35: 212).Adel Abdel Baseer Ali 1994 AD mentions that circular training with its diversity affects the structure and form of physical training, and aims to develop and improve the relationship between physical attributes (strength - speed - endurance), which is a process that includes complex forms of strength and endurance, speed and endurance, speed and strength, and these are based on The forms certainly give the level and direction of the ability to arrange the training load practically for each individual during the exercises that enable him to always control it (30:1).Research problem and its importance:- In the year 2019-2020, an amendment was made in the karate law, especially in the general kumite competition (actual fighting), by the International Karate Federation (WKF), which stipulates some of these items, namely:- Reducing the distance between players from 3 meters to 2 meters at the start of the match.-Adding (Sincho) to the player who gets the first point, and that in the event of a tie, for example, the player who gets the first point wins.This led to an increase in the effectiveness of the attack and the speed of scoring points in order to get the first point and obtain (the Senshu). The player who possesses an explosive ability in skillful performance became the one who is able to score and count points, especially kicks, because the kick counts as 3 points, while the punches are 1 point (20). Through the researcher’s field experiences as a karate player and coach, following up and analyzing the Egyptian national team qualifiers matches for men and women 2019-2020 AD, to find out (the effectiveness of offensive and defensive skills and which one is most used - the most common and used punches and kicks among the players participating in the national team qualifiers). The analysis method was used Quantitative, and the research also determined the number of times kicking and punching skills were used in relation to the total number executed during the playoffs. The number of times kicking skills were used in relation to the total number executed during the qualifiers, where the semi-circular front kick came in the first place kicks, followed by the second place the opposite semi-circular front kick and the third place was the circular side kick with percentages of (37.5%, 32.23%, 23.68%). respectively
- The number of times the punches were used in relation to the total number executed during the qualifiers, where the front long straight punch, Zami Zuki, came in first place, followed by the opposite straight punch, Giaku Zuki, and the third place was the semi-circular punch with the back of the fist, Yuraken, with percentages of (65.89, 28.11%, 5.99%). In terms of percentages of use in the players’ matches during the qualifiers, the researcher believes that this is due to the weakness of the special physical abilities in general and the explosive ability in particular. Attachment (1) This is due to the fact that the reason for the shortcomings that emerged from the analysis of the Egyptian national team qualifiers matches (for youth and juniors), whether in offensive or defensive skills, is the lack of interest in developing the element of strength that is distinguished by the speed of the players, especially the two men when performing these offensive skills, which prompted the researcher to develop the strength that is distinguished by speed. Especially for youngsters, to develop the attacking effectiveness of circular kicks, which makes them have a great chance of achieving 3 points (Ippon), and developing offensive hand skills (punches).And based on the field experience of the researcher and polling experts to determine the most important special physical abilities that the kumite player lacks, which may negatively affect these kicks and punches, and what are the most important capabilities that must be available in the kick in order for it to perform in the new and correct manner in order for the kick to be calculated and to show the players’ lack of the element of strength Distinguished by speed in most of the most common kicks and the players’ reliance on punches, although kicks are counted in higher degrees according to approved international law Wkf (20), Attachment No. (2).Despite the tremendous development that took place in the field of karate sport at the global level, many Egyptian researchers have conducted many recent studies and researches, from different angles, in an attempt to raise the level of skill or physical abilities separately, but these studies did not address Designing ballistic exercises for skillful performance in the circular style, and noting that karate sport in particular has received very little scientific research in the field of ballistic training (only 4 studies), as well as its lack of programs that contain ballistic exercises for skillful performance, especially in the circular style, Through which the player can reap the most possible advantages with the economy in time and effort as a result of the large number of local and international competitions, this is considered ballistic exercises for the circular method of paramount importance, especially in the sport of karate because it contributes greatly to the development of the special physical and skillful performance of the players and benefit from them in actual matches.from this point of view, there has become an urgent need to develop special ballistic exercises for the circular method to contribute mainly to the development of the strength distinguished by speed for the players and the development of skillful performance, which called the researcher to conduct this research and adopt the topic of the current research.Search goal:It aims to identify ”the effect of ballistic exercises for the circular style on the level of some skillful performances of karate players” through:- To identify the differences between the average of the two measures (pre-post) for the control group in the variables (under study) the special physical abilities and the level of skillful performances of the karate players.-To identify the differences between the average of the two measurements (pre-post) of the experimental group using some ballistic exercises of the circular style in the variables (under study) of the special physical abilities and the level of skillful performances of the karate players.- Identifying the differences of the two (dimensional) measurements for each of the two groups (experimental - control) using some ballistic exercises of the circular style in the variables (under study) of the special physical abilities and the level of skillful performances of the karate players.Research hypotheses:There are statistically significant differences between the pre and post measurements of the control group in the variables (under study) of the special physical abilities and the level of skillful performances of the karate players in favor of the post measurement. There are statistically significant differences between the pre and post measurements of the experimental group using some ballistic exercises of the circular style in the variables (under study) of the special physical abilities and the level of skillful performances of the karate players in favor of the post measurement.- There are statistically significant differences between the pre and post measurements of the control group and the experimental group using some ballistic exercises of the circular style in the variables (under study) of the special physical abilities and the level of skillful performances of the karate players in favor of the post measurement of the experimental group.Terms used in the search:Ballistic exercises: Issam Ahmed Helmy 2015 AD defines that it is the exercises that include throwing the source of resistance used in these exercises, whether this source is the weight of the individual’s own body performing the exercise or an external weight that is used to perform the exercise (212: 35).Research Methodology: The researcher used the experimental approach, by using the experimental design of two groups, one experimental and the other a control group, and conducting (pre-post) measurements for each group.Research community and sample:This study was conducted on an intentional sample of karate players in the Talkha Electricity Club, the youth stage from (14-17) years, and the sample size was (24) karate players registered in the Egyptian Karate Federation from the Dakahlia Karate region, to apply the experimental program designed by the researcher and they were divided into ( 12) players to conduct the basic experiment, and (12) players to conduct the exploratory study, and it was confirmed that the data were moderate in each of (age-height-weight-training age).Data collection tools.Exploratory studies. The researcher conducted a series of studies in the period from 11/15/2022 AD to 1/2/2022 AD, and the aim was to choose the content and design of a training program for ballistic exercises related to the circular method, and to ensure the validity of the tools and devices used.Conclusions: Based on what the research results showed and in light of the research objective and hypotheses, the researcher reached the following conclusions:-The proposed (experimental) program showed a positive effect on the special physical abilities and the level of skillful performance of the players of the experimental group, where the muscular ability of the two legs improved by 62.317% - motor speed by 21.912% - agility by 45.455% - the muscular ability of the right arm by 19.372% - power Muscular strength of the left arm by 22.238% - Flexibility 50.476% (level of skillful performance) It is divided into (circular kicks), the semi-circular front kick, Kzami Mawashi Jerry, right, with a percentage of 47.902%, the semi-circular front kick, Kzami Ma Washi Jerry, left, with a percentage of 52.629%, the opposite half-circular front kick, Kzami Ura Mawashi Jerry, right, with a percentage of 57.715%, and the semi-circular front kick. Reversing Xami Ura Mawashi Jiri Right 72.731% - Punches ” Long Front Straight Punch Xami Zuki Right Punch 33.200% - Front Long Straight Punch Xami Zuki Left Punch 42.293% - Counter Straight Punch Kyago Zuki Right 40.267% - Counter Straight Punch Kyago Zuki North by 43.752%.-The followed (traditional) program showed a positive effect on the special physical abilities and the level of skillful performance of the players of the control group, where it improved (the muscular ability of the two legs by 32.505% - motor speed by 12.015% - agility by 12.889% - the muscular ability of the right arm by 8.909% - muscular ability For the left arm by 7.201% - flexibility 26.930%, (level of skillful performances) It is divided into (circular kicks), the semi-circular front kick, Kzami Mawashi Jerry, right, with a percentage of 22.422%, the semi-circular front kick, Kzami Ma Washi Jerry, left, with a percentage of 33.804%, the opposite half-circular front kick, Kzami Ura Mawashi Jerry, right, with a percentage of 16.947%, and the semi-circular front kick. Reversing kuzami ura mawashi giri north by 30.143%” - Punches” long front straight punch kezami zuki right by 16.947% - counterstraight punch kezami zuki north by 30.143% - counterstraight punch kyago zuki right by 28.571% - counterstraight punch kyago zuki right North by 28.125%”).- Differences in improvement rates between the two groups (experimental - control) in the variables (under study) [special physical abilities, level of skill performances, the superiority of the experimental group that used the proposed program (experimental) over the control group that used the followed program (traditional).- There is a statistically significant correlation between some ballistic exercises in the circular style and special physical abilities, the level of skill performance (under study).- There is a correlation between the special physical abilities and the level of skillful performance of the players of the experimental group.Recommendations:In light of the results of the research and the conclusions reached, the researcher recommends the following:- Benefit from the ballistic training program for the circular method (under study) during training on the skill content (circular kicks, punches) and for all dental stages and put it in the form of exercises of gradual difficulty in terms of composition, making it more interesting and similar to what happens in matches, and to achieve the principles of privacy and diversity And the difference - Benefit from tests designed for physical variables (under research).- Conducting more studies similar to the nature of the current research on the different types of skillful performances in karate sport due to the different form and nature of skillful performance in them.- Holding training courses to educate trainers on the importance of special ballistic exercises, which helps to raise the level of achievement in karate sport by the Egyptian Karate Federation.