الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
the goals were as follows:
1. Reassess the water penetrated from the soil for fish farming after determining whether aquaculture water is suitable for irrigation of watercress.
2. To assess the quantity and quality of the watercress crop.
3. To evaluate the state of the soil’s health following irrigation with aquaculture water.
Experimental materials, conditions and design.
A total of 24 observation pots were used in the two seasons of watercress pot trials, which were carried out in a complete randomized block design with factorial treatment combinations of 2 4 3. These included four NPK chemical fertilizer application rates of the recommended levels (0.0%, 25%, 50%, and 100%) and two irrigation water resources (water from fish farming of tilapia and catfish).
Therefore, the following experimental therapies were included:
1- (W1F0) = Sandy soil fertilized with 0.0% NPK chemical fertilizer using water from a catfish farm.
2- (W1F1) = Sandy soil treated with 25% of the NPK-recommended chemical fertilizers and watered with water from a catfish farm.
3- (W1F2) = Sandy soil treated with 50% of the chemical fertilizers recommended by NPK and irrigated with water from a catfish farm.
4- (W1F3) = Sandy soil treated with 100% of the NPK-recommended chemical fertilizers and water from a catfish farm as irrigation.
5- (W2F0) = Sandy soil fertilized with 0.0% NPK chemical fertilizer and watered with water from a tilapia fish farm.
6- (W2F1) = Sandy soil treated with 25% of NPK chemical fertilizers and watered with water from a tilapia fish farm.
7- (W2F2) = Sandy soil treated with 50% of NPK chemical fertilizers and watered with water from a tilapia fish farm.
8- (W2F3) = Sandy soil treated with 100% NPK chemical fertilizers and watered with water from a tilapia fish farm.
5.2. Research results conclusions
The study’s findings revealed:
1- Using microbial and phytoplankton-rich aquaculture water to irrigate vegetables and as a soil fertilizer to replace partially synthetic fertilizers can help maintain a balanced soil ecosystem while bringing about healthy and abundant crops.
2- The results demonstrated that aquaculture water is suitable for use in agricultural irrigation because it improves soil health, which raises water productivity and promotes the growth and production of watercress.
3- Regardless of the type of irrigation water (catfish or tilapia) and NPK application rates, all growth and nutrient characteristics of watercress plants were significantly improved by irrigation with aquaculture water and fertilization with various rates of inorganic NPK compared to a control group irrigated with aquaculture water alone.
4- In both seasons, among all treatments examined, sandy soil fertilized with 25% of the NPK levels indicated and irrigated with catfish aquaculture water had considerably larger watercress yields than all other treatments.
5- Integrated aquaponics of fish and crop production systems led to a significant improvement in all plant nutritional properties, an improvement in the properties of sandy soil, and a significant increase in the water productivity of vegetables and fish in all treatments examined. The control treatments, which were irrigated with only aquaculture water devoid of inorganic NPK fertilizers, saw the lowest levels.
Using aquaculture water to irrigate sandy desert soils can lower overall expenses of fish and crop production by utilizing water in two ways and consuming less inorganic NPK fertilizer. This will also have a positive influence on the environment and increase the income of small farmers in Egypt.
7- Based on the study’s findings, integrated aquaponics is an environmentally viable farming system for the production of fish and vegetables since it has a favorable impact on soil characteristics, crop and water productivity, farmer income, and the surrounding environment.
8- These findings support the value of aquaculture water irrigation as a partial replacement for inorganic NPK fertilizers in farm-scale fish and crop development in coarse-textured sandy soils in arid and water-scarce environments.