الفهرس 
Location And Climate Effect of Soil Salinization and Crop ProductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
A field experiment was conducted in the research farm of Al-Hussainiya Station -Agricultural Research in Sharkia Governorate, which is affiliated to the Agricultural Research Center, during two successive winter seasons 2018/2019 - 2019/2020 to study the effect of different chemical compounds, employed as reducers of transpiration and environmental stresses, and different irrigation levels on some properties of the soil and on water use efficiency and the productivity of wheat crop. (Misr-1 cultivar) grown in clay saline soil. The study included the following treatments with three replicates for each treatment.
A- Chemical compound spraying treatments
(1) Control or without chemicals (one control treatment for each irrigation level).
(2) Ascorbic acid
(3) Proline
(4) Salicylic acid
(5) Magnesium silicate
(6) Potassium silicate
B- Irrigation treatments
(1) 80% of field capacity
(2) 90% of the field capacity
(3) 100% of the field capacity
(4) 110% of field capacity
Twenty-four treatments with three replicates were employed in this experiment. Experimental design was split plot. And thus, the 72 experimental plots were applied by dividing the soil into four main plots (irrigation treatment). Each main plot was divided into six sub-plots (foliar treatments of the stress regulators). All treatments were received same dose of mineral fertilizers.
The physical and chemical properties of the soil were estimated before planting and after harvesting. Some growth and yield parameters of each of straw, grain and biological crop were calculated, as well as the water use efficiency of and harvesting index were determined.
The most important obtained results were summarized as follows:
First, the effect of irrigation application rate
• The results indicate that the highest productivity for both straw and grain was associated with the 100% of the field capacity, then the 110%, followed by the 90%, and then the 80% as a general average, regardless of the type of the sprayed treatment.
• The results also showed that there is no clear trend for the efficiency of water use for both straw and grain, which indicates the sensitivity of wheat to shortage and surplus in the amount of soil water.
Secondly, the effect of transpiration reducers spry on soil properties and the yield of straw and grain of wheat crop.
• All yield values, whether straw or grain, as well as the plant content of nutrients were higher with sprayed treatments compared to the control one.
• The order of the positive effect of spray with transpiration reducers was, generally, as follows: potassium silicate, then magnesium silicate, then salicylic acid, then proline, then ascorbic acid.
• Under salts affected soil conditions, the relative change of the effect of transpiration reducers on wheat plant were better than control and follow this order: potassium silicate, magnesium silicate, salicylic acid, proline, and ascorbic acid. Such results were found with yield, water use efficiency, and harvesting index.
The study, hence, recommends the use of potassium and magnesium silicate and an irrigation rate of 100% of the field capacity in the saline clay lands of Al-Hussainiya Plain.