الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract Abstract Abstract In the present time, resources of freshwater occupy a top place among other natural resources on the planet. Freshwater is distributed by different amounts everywhere. Egypt is characterized by a dry climate, scarce rainfall. The desert covers most of the land, and its water supplies are uncertain. As the Egyptian water resources system is complex and uncertain, thus the major challenge is to treat the problem of the rapidly increasing gap between the limited water resources and the rising demand for freshwater. Several indices and human health risks were determined to assess the potential ecological risk of the Nile River sediment. On the basis of the index results, Cd registered the highest pollution ranking, whereas Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, and Ni had the lowest effect. In another context, southern sites represented the lowest ecological risk relative to the central and northern sectors. The results of the noncarcinogenic hazard indices, hazard quotient, and hazard index in addition to the lifetime cancer risk were below the acceptable international limits, confirming that there are no adverse effects on the exposed population due to the Nile sediment. This study deals with the results obtained on monitoring and assessment of water samples collected from 23th stations along the river. The stations were taken on equal distances about (35-40 km) between each station and the other and a water sample was taken from the station behind Aswan reservoir directly as a standard station for the rest of the river water and the last station was in El-khanater El-khairia. Water quality of the Nile River at area under investigation was investigated according to CCME-WQI module which was used to evaluate the drinking, irrigation and aquatic life water utilization |