الفهرس 
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Abstract
The field of pharmaceutical analysis has witnessed significant advancements in recent years, driven by the increasing demand for accurate, efficient and green methods for the determination of drugs used in the treatment of digestive system disorders. In this thesis, a comprehensive investigation into the analysis of four drugs utilized in gastrointestinal therapeutic regimens is presented. These drugs include Prucalopride succinate (PCP), Mosapride citrate (MSP), Vonoprazan fumarate (VPZ), and Amoxicillin trihydrate (AMX).
The thesis is organized into four distinct parts, each addressing different aspects of the analytical methods employed for the determination of these drugs.
Part I serves as a general introduction, providing an overview of the selected drugs, including their pharmaceutical indications, pharmacokinetic properties, and chemical structures. Moreover, a review of the most recent analytical methods reported for the analysis of these drugs in various matrices is presented. Additionally, the scope of the suggested work is outlined, highlighting the research objectives and the significance of the proposed analytical approaches.
Part II focuses on the use of three innovative spectrophotometric methods for simultaneous determination of VPZ and AMX in binary mixtures. These methods utilize different principles such as first-order derivative spectra, absorbance calculations based on absorptivity factors, and a dual wavelength approach.
Part III delves into the application of spectrofluorimetric techniques for the analysis of MSP and PCP. Chapter 1 introduces two new spectroscopic approaches that leverage the reaction of MSP with erythrosine B, resulting in a binary complex with measurable absorbance and quenching of native fluorescence. The proposed approaches are successfully applied to the analysis of MSP in pharmaceutical tablets and the assessment of content uniformity. Chapter 2 presents a highly sensitive spectrofluorimetric method that exploits the enhanced fluorescence of PCP through micellar aggregation with an anionic surfactant. The method is thoroughly validated and proves to be effective in the analysis of PCP in commercial pharmaceutical tablets. Chapter 3 introduces a resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) approach for the quantification of PCP and MSP. The phenomenon of RRS is harnessed to measure the enhanced intensity of eosin Y upon reaction with the drugs, enabling their determination. The method is successfully applied to both pure forms and commercial tablets, with high accuracy, precision, and selectivity.
Part IV focuses on thin-layer chromatography (TLC) methods for the analysis of VPZ, AMX, and PCP. Chapter 1 describes an environmentally friendly TLC approach for the simultaneous determination of VPZ and AMX, employing a well-optimized mobile phase and absorbance detection mode. The method exhibits excellent linearity, accuracy, precision, and suitability for the analysis of synthetic combinations and spiked plasma samples. Chapter 2 presents an innovative stability-indicating TLC approach with fluorescence detection for the quantification of PCP. The method proves effective in studying the drug’s stability under diverse stress conditions. Furthermore, it demonstrates its applicability in the analysis of commercial tablets, plasma, and urine samples.
The developed methods undergo rigorous validation according to International council on Harmonization and the greenness of each method is ascertained using different green chemistry evaluation tools.
This thesis represents a comprehensive exploration of various analytical methods, including spectrophotometry, spectrofluorimetry, and TLC, applied to the determination of drugs used in the treatment of digestive system disorders. The developed methods exhibit high degree of greenness, precision, and selectivity, making them valuable tools for pharmaceutical analysis. The findings of this research contribute to the existing knowledge in the field and pave the way for further advancements in analytical methodologies for gastrointestinal therapeutics.