الفهرس 
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Abstract
Objective of the study: This study was conducted in the Fish Research Unit, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt, to evaluate the effect of graded levels of caraway seed oil (0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 g/kg feed) on growth performance, utilization of food, body indicators, activity of digestive enzymes in the blood, biochemical measurements in blood serum, chemical composition of the entire body of the fish, dorsal muscles, and meat quality standards, in addition to histological measurements of the dorsal muscles and intestines, as well as histological characteristics of the dorsal muscles, intestines, and liver of tilapia fish, for 90 days. Materials and Methods: One thousand Nile tilapia fingerlings (average initial weight 36.64±1.2 g and total length 13.82±0.25 cm) from a private farm in Al-Manzala, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt were used. Fish were acclimated to laboratory conditions for 2 weeks. After the acclimation period, four hundred and fifty fish were randomly distributed among six treatments (three replicates for each treatment) and stocked with 25 fish per tank (with a water volume of 600 liters of water). Gradient levels of caraway oil were added to the experimental diet at 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 g/kg feed. Results: Nile tilapia fed with 0.1 g caraway oil/kg feed showed a significant increase in growth performance measures, as well as significantly improved food utilization and higher levels of digestive enzymes. Significant increases in blood measurements tested such as hemoglobin, red blood cells, hematocrit, blood markers, and platelets were found among all caraway oil levels tested. While lymphocytes increased significantly in fish fed 0.5 g caraway oil/kg feed among all levels tested. Feeding Nile tilapia fish 0.1 g caraway oil/kg feed resulted in a significant decrease in the levels of cortisol, glucose, liver function enzymes, and the best histological measurements and histological characteristics of the intestine among other levels of caraway oil. While increased levels of caraway oil above 0.1 g/kg feed showed bad effects on the liver cells of fish treated with high levels of caraway oil. Recommendation: Based on the results obtained under experimental conditions in this study, the beneficial use of caraway oil food additive at the minimum level of 0.1 g/kg feed in improving the productive performance, physiological responses and meat quality of Nile tilapia fish can be recommended. In addition, it can be noted that levels of caraway oil above 0.1 g/kg feed are not suitable for addition to fish diets.