الفهرس 
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Abstract
We identified a total of 30 patients (with 39 eyelids) who required ptosis correction for our study. Patients were randomly assigned to one of three groups based on different techniques: FS (group A), FAF (group B), or maximum levator resection (group C). Every patient underwent a comprehensive evaluation of their medical history, a comprehensive examination of the eyes, and a preoperative assessment of ptosis. Follow-up appointments were planned for one week, three months, and six months after the surgery.
This study consisted of 6 males (60%) and 4 females (40%) in the FS group. The age of patients in this group ranged from 3.5 to 18 years, with an average age of 7.15 ± 5.04 years. In the FAF group, there were 8 males (80 percent) and 2 females (20%). The age of patients in this group ranged from 3 to 21 years, with an average age of 8.0 (± 5.23) years. Similarly, the MLR group included 8 males (80%) and 2 females (20%). The age of patients in this group from 5 to 22 years, with an average age of 10.60 (±6.02) years. There was not a significant distinction in terms of gender or age among the 3 groups, respectively.
The FS group included 3 bilateral eyes (30.0%) and 7 unilateral eyelids (70.0%), of which 6 right upper eyelids (46.2%) and 7 left upper eyelids (53.8%). The FAF group included 1 bilateral eyes (10.0%) and 9 unilateral eyelids (90.0%), of which 5 right eyelids (45.5%) and 6 left upper eyelids (54.5%). The MLR group included 4 bilateral eyes (40%) and 6 unilateral eyelids (60.0%), of which 8 right upper eyelids (57.1%) and 6 left upper eyelids (42.9%). There was no significant variance among the studied three groups regarding laterality (p = 0.541).
The mean preoperative MRD1 in group A was -0.08 ± 1.12. By the end of the follow-up period, the mean postoperative MRD1 had significantly improved to 3.31 ± 0.63 mm (P <0.001). In group B, the mean preoperative MRD1 was -0.86 ± 1.58mm; it also significantly increased by the end of the follow-up period to reach 3.18 ± 0.64mm (P<0.001). In group C, the mean preoperative MRD1 was 0.36 ± 0.74; it also significantly increased by the end of the follow-up period to reach 3.43 ± 0.68 mm (P<0.001).
Noticeably, there was no significant distinction among the 3 groups concerning MRD1.
In the present research, 85.7% of instances with one-sided eyelid involvement and 100% of cases with both sides involved in group A, 66.7% of cases with one-sided eyelid involvement and 100% of cases with both sides involved in group B, and 83.3% of cases with one-sided eyelid involvement and 75% of cases with both sides involved in group C had a symmetrical appearance of the eyelids.
According to eyelid crease, there was only one unformed crease (7.7%) and 12 well-formed creases (93.3%) in group A, in group B, there was only one unformed crease (9.1%) and 10 well-formed creases (90.9%), and in group C, all cases had well-formed eyelid creases (100%). According to bulky eyelids, there were no bulky eyelids in either group A or group B, and only one eyelid (7.1%) in group C had a bulky eyelid. According to eyelid irregularities, in group A only one eyelid (7.7%) had eyelid notching, there were no eyelid irregularities in all cases in either group B or in group C. There was no significant variation between the three groups regarding cosmesis in this study.