الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
A total of 60 subjects were included in this study (48 hepatic patients and 12 healthy controls of matched age and sex). All individuals were classified into the following groups each comprises 12 individuals: Group I: Hepatic cirrhosis, Group II: Chronic viral hepatitis C, Group III: Hepatic malignancy, Group IV: Bilharzial hepatic fibrosis, Group V: Healthy control.Whole blood and plasma samples from all patients and control groups were taken and assayed for: 1- Nitric oxide metabolites (nitrite and nitrate).2- Malondialdehyde (MDA), lipid perioxidation product. 3- iNOS expression (mRNA) using RT-PCR. Results: The serum levels of both NO metabolites and MDA showed significant increase in all patients groups compared with the control group. iNOS expression was increased in all patients groups compared with control group. The products of RT-PCR amplification of iNOS revealed appearance of the desired band of RT-PCR products of iNOS at 259 bp showing apparent different densities of each band which means different intensities of expression between patients groups. Gel image was digitalized using soney digital camera model (digital mavica) and was quantified using Scion image software on Intel Pentium 4. Conclusion: 1- Nitric oxide is increased in all patients groups so, it may plays multiple roles in different liver diseases either, beneficial and protective against fibrosis, portal hypertension in liver cirrhosis, viraemia in hepatitis c infection, and tumerogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma or the opposite via production of reactive nitrogen species. Further studies using NO donners and iNOS inhibitors should be done to detect NO roles in each group separately hoping to reach to NO therapeutics in different liver diseases. 2- Malondialdehyde (lipid peroxidation products) increased significantly in different types of liver diseases so; it may have a role in the pathogenesis of them and its progression to cancer.