الفهرس 
AbstractOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
GPS observation made the whole world as one unit. So, transformation problems appeared specially in developed countries like Egypt. Many transformation techniques using Geometrical and Mathematical concept are used . The question is which one is suitable for Egypt? Because of a lack of both raw data and accuracy, transformation parameters are not suitable for all parts of Egypt. Region to region transformation parameters were recommended. In this thesis our trials were made to apply the mathematical techniques instead of geometrical techniques. Before applying the mathematical techniques, the state of Egyptian geodetic networks were described. The famous geometric transformation techniques were mentioned. As well as their mathematical models were discussed. Because non homogeneous surface for old data was adopted. A homogeneous one was obtained by solving the transformation problem and detecting the high distorted common points. Then the effect of geodetic undulation on the accuracy of transformation process was shown. The mathematical transformation techniques and their properties were discussed. After that, the algorithms of computer programs designed by the researcher were tabulated . A comparison between the results produced from applying different transformation techniques on the geodetic stations was made according to accuracy and distortion limits. The effect of geoid separation on the transformation models and studying their behavior was discussed. Additionally, the effect of transformation process on the projected points using ETM system was studied. Finally, the main conclusion was drawn. It was concerned with the Minimum Surface of Curvature ? MCS ? is more suitable than regression and collocation techniques. MCS technique creates a homogeneous surface to be transformed. Minimizing the distortion between the adjusted and transformed coordinates when compared with Bursa and Molodensky models.