الفهرس 
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Abstract
Prolonged postpartum anestrus is a major cause of economical losses to buffalo breeders. Inactive ovaries is one of the most important causes of anestrum in buffaloes. This study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of controlled internal drug release (CIDR) and GnRH in treatment of inactive ovaries in buffaloes with subsequent resumption of cyclicity and reduced inter calving intervals. This study was conducted on 84 anestrus buffaloes (had not detected in estrus for more than 3 months postpartum) in a dairy buffalo farm, El-Max, Alexandria, Egypt . These animals were suffering from ovarian inactivity (based on rectal palpation and ultrasonographic examination). Animals were divided into many subgroups, where they were treated by CIDR for different durations (7 or 14 day) and with different combinations (plus PGF2α with or without GnRH). Also, GnRH was used in different doses. Furthermore, the used CIDRs were judged by reusing of them after disinfection. Within the different subgroups; The highest estrus induction rate [EIR] (100%), pregnancy rate [PR] (100%) and 1st service conception rate [1st service CR] (83.3%) were achieved with the treatment regime (CIDR 7d + i.m inj of PGF2α in the 6th d + i.m inj of GnRH in 8th d) followed by the treatment regime (CIDR 14d + i.m inj PGF2α in the 13th d ) ; where the EIR, PR and 1st service CR was 85.7%, 71.4% and 57.1%. The overall interpretation of our results revealed that CIDR 7d + i.m inj of PGF2α in the 6th d + i.m inj of GnRH in 8th d is the treatment of choice for ovarian inactivity in buffaloes.