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Abstract (135) SUMMARY Neonatal cyanosis is not uncommon in the newborn infants. Cyanosis in newborn infants is a medical emergency requiring quick action. Cardiac abnormalities are the common cause of cyanosis in the newborn infants, when cyanosis occure in a newborn infant and is found to be due to a cardiac anomaly, the abnormality is usually a complex one. In the neonatal period, the most common cause of cardiac cyanosis is due to complete transposition of great arteries. Pulmonary disorders and primary lung diseases are alse common causes of cyanosis in the newborn infants. Attention to the central nervous system abnorma- Li,ties must be anticipated as they represent the third common cause of cyanosis in the newborn. Neonatal shock and septicemia represent also a great concern. Rarely, hematological abnormalities (methemoglobinemia and neonatal polycythemia) or, neonatal hypoglycemia represent a major consideration. Cyanosis in the newborn infants is a diagnostic challenge to the general pediatrician. However, hyperoxia test provides arrational and systematic approach for differential diagnosis of most causes however, the potential toxicity of oxygen must be considered. --- ---------------~------ --- (136) Echocardiography and computerized tomography represent important diagnostic tools in the evaluation of cyanotic newborns. Often in the past, these babies have been placed in oxygen hoping that they would improve. Now, with the ability to offer treatment with hope for survival, intial recognition and appropriate management is mandatory. Medical and surgical management has undergone major changes in the last few years. Lastly, our work show that the prompt recognition and appropriate referral of cyanotic newborn infants should result is excellent long-term prognosis for the vast majority of these infants. |