الفهرس 
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Abstract
”Objectives : To estimate the occurrence of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in cows, buffaloes and their contact workers. Design : Descriptive study. Sampling : The study comprised 360 samples (240 from animal origin and 120 from humans). The animal samples (n = 240) were collected from seemingly healthy cattle (n = 40) and buffalo cows (n = 40) and the samples collected from contact owners were consisted of nasal swabs (n = 40), hand swabs (n = 40) and stool specimens (n = 40). Procedures : All samples were examined using conventional bacteriological and molecular techniques. Results : The obtained results showed that, the frequent distribution of S. aureus in the examined samples was 272/360 (75.5%). Moreover, the overall occurrence of S. aureus in milk of cows and buffaloes was 70/80 (87.5%), teat swabs of cows and buffaloes was 57/80 (71.3%) and in feces of cows and buffaloes was 42/80 (52.5%). Regarding to the overall occurrence of S. aureus in human nasal swabs, it was 34/40 (85%), in human hand swabs was 33/40 (82.5%) and in stool specimens was 36/40 (90%). Concerning the frequent distribution of MRSA in the examined samples, it was 50/272 (18.4%). whereas, the overall occurrence of MRSA in milk of cows and buffaloes was 7/70 (10%), in teat swabs of cows and buffaloes was 11/857 (19.3%) and in feces of cows and buffaloes was 8/42 (19%). Meanwhile, the overall occurrence of MRSA in human nasal swabs was 7/34 (20.6%), in human hand swabs were 7/33 (21.2%) and in stool specimens was 10/36 (27.8%). PCR was performed on 50 isolates which were phenotypically confirmed as MRSA. It was revealed that 56% (28/50) were characterized as S. aureus by nuc gene and from 28 recovered S. aureus, 19 (67.9%) isolates were harbored mecA gene and confirmed as MRSA. MRSA isolates (n=19) showed high resistance to Penicillin G and cefoxitin (100% each) followed by kanamycin (89.5%), Fusidic acid (68.4%) and gentamicin (57.9%), whereas tested MRSA isolates showed susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (100%) followed by vancomycin and clindamycin (78.9%), Sulphamethoxazol and chloramphenicol (68.4%).”