الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 151 |  |  |
| | | from | 151 | | |
Abstract
Deltamethrin is a pyrethroid pesticide having harmful effects on ecosysytems. Organic acid are popular nutritional supplement in humans and many animal species including fish. Currently, it is used in fish aquaculture not only as growth-promoting and immunomodulatory properties but also for its antioxidant capacity. Here, we explored the ameliorative effects of lauric, benzoic and their combinations on deltamethrin toxicity. To achieve our aim, One hundred fifty juvenile Nile tilapia were divided into five groups (30fish/group, 15fish/ glass aquaria). The first group was control supplemented with basal diets. The second group was exposed to DLM (1.46 μg/L) in water. The third, fourth and fifth groups were supplemented with basal diet+ 1g/kg benzoic, basal diet+1g/kg lauric and combination of both respectively for 30 days then exposed to sublethal dose of DLM (1.46 μg/L) for 30 days. A significant reduction in serum triglyceride, and lysozyme activities with lowest IgM and IgG level were detected in fish subjected to DLM (P < 0.05). Furthermore, downregulation of immune related gene (Il-1 β) and antioxidants (CAT, SOD, and GSH) together with marked histological and ultrastructural changes were also seen. However, highest level of IgM and IgG with upregulation of IL-1β immune related gene and reduction of histological alterations were detected in fish feeding lauric, benzoic and their combination. Our data suggested that dietary supplementing of lauric and benzoic acids were able to stimulate immunity, antioxidant and reduce histopathological and ultrastructural damage induced by deltamethrin toxicity.Deltamethrin, Lauric acid, Benzoic acid, Nile tilapia, hematology, oxidative biomarker, gene expression, histopathology, ultrastructural changes